The Top-200 Drugs

200 commonly prescribed drugs: generic and brand, class, the name stem that gives the class away, main use, the caution a technician flags to the pharmacist, storage and DEA schedule. Study it as a table or as flashcards.

⚠ Pending professional review

This drug list has not yet been verified by a licensed pharmacist or by a certification or approval body. It is a study draft and may contain errors. Do not use it to make decisions about any patient or medication. Always follow your instructor, your supervising professional, and current official references and regulations.

VoTechWorks program approval and accreditation are still in progress. Credentials are issued only by the certifying bodies named in each program, after their own exams.

Controlled only

#	Generic	Brand	Class	Use	Flag to pharmacist	Storage	DEA
1	atorvastatin -statin	Lipitor	HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin)	hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular risk reduction	check for interacting drugs that raise statin levels (e.g., clarithromycin); counsel patient to report muscle pain LASA: pravastatin	room temperature
2	levothyroxine	Synthroid	thyroid hormone	hypothyroidism	brand and generic are not automatically interchangeable; take on empty stomach 30–60 min before food LASA: liothyronine	room temperature, protect from light and moisture
3	lisinopril -pril	Zestril	ACE inhibitor	hypertension, heart failure, post-MI	do not use in pregnancy; counsel patient to report persistent dry cough or swelling of face/tongue (angioedema) LASA: fosinopril	room temperature
4	metformin	Glucophage	biguanide antidiabetic	type 2 diabetes	hold before iodinated contrast procedures; risk of lactic acidosis with renal impairment LASA: metronidazole	room temperature
5	amlodipine -dipine	Norvasc	dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker	hypertension, angina	peripheral edema is common; grapefruit juice may increase drug levels LASA: amiloride	room temperature
6	metoprolol succinate -olol	Toprol-XL	cardioselective beta-1 blocker	hypertension, heart failure, angina	do not abruptly discontinue; metoprolol succinate (ER) and metoprolol tartrate (IR) are NOT interchangeable dose-for-dose LASA: metoprolol tartrate	room temperature
7	metoprolol tartrate -olol	Lopressor	cardioselective beta-1 blocker	hypertension, angina, post-MI	do not abruptly discontinue; IR formulation—not interchangeable with ER succinate salt LASA: metoprolol succinate	room temperature
8	albuterol	ProAir HFA	short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA)	bronchospasm, asthma rescue	shake inhaler before each use; prime new inhalers before first use; overuse may signal poorly controlled asthma LASA: Atrovent (ipratropium)	room temperature; store inhaler with mouthpiece down
9	omeprazole -prazole	Prilosec	proton pump inhibitor (PPI)	GERD, peptic ulcer disease, H. pylori eradication	take 30–60 min before a meal; long-term use linked to magnesium deficiency and C. difficile risk LASA: esomeprazole	room temperature
10	losartan -sartan	Cozaar	angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB)	hypertension, diabetic nephropathy, stroke prevention in LVH	contraindicated in pregnancy; monitor potassium levels LASA: valsartan	room temperature
11	gabapentin	Neurontin	anticonvulsant / neuropathic pain agent	neuropathic pain, partial seizures	causes sedation and dizziness; do not abruptly stop; some states have added scheduling LASA: pregabalin	room temperature
12	hydrocodone/acetaminophen	Vicodin	opioid analgesic combination	moderate-to-severe pain	CII—requires written Rx; warn about acetaminophen dose limit (≤4 g/day total); risk of respiratory depression and dependence LASA: oxycodone/acetaminophen	room temperature	CII
13	sertraline	Zoloft	selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)	depression, anxiety disorders, OCD, PTSD	black box warning for suicidality in children/young adults; do not abruptly discontinue LASA: sertraline vs. cetirizine (sound-alike)	room temperature
14	simvastatin -statin	Zocor	HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin)	hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular risk reduction	80 mg dose restricted due to myopathy risk; avoid grapefruit juice; many drug interactions LASA: atorvastatin	room temperature
15	montelukast -lukast	Singulair	leukotriene receptor antagonist	asthma maintenance, allergic rhinitis	FDA boxed warning for neuropsychiatric events (mood changes, suicidal thinking); take in evening for asthma	room temperature, protect from moisture
16	pantoprazole -prazole	Protonix	proton pump inhibitor (PPI)	GERD, erosive esophagitis, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome	swallow tablets whole; do not crush delayed-release tablets; long-term use linked to bone fracture risk LASA: omeprazole	room temperature
17	amoxicillin	Amoxil	aminopenicillin antibiotic	bacterial infections (otitis media, sinusitis, pharyngitis, UTI)	ask about penicillin allergy before dispensing; complete full course LASA: amoxicillin/clavulanate	room temperature; reconstituted suspension: refrigeration preferred but not required, discard after 14 days
18	furosemide	Lasix	loop diuretic	edema (heart failure, renal, hepatic), hypertension	monitor for electrolyte imbalances (hypokalemia); sulfonamide allergy cross-reactivity possible; take in morning to avoid nocturia LASA: torsemide	room temperature, protect from light
19	fluticasone propionate nasal -asone	Flonase	intranasal corticosteroid	allergic rhinitis	prime before first use; direct spray away from nasal septum; effect may take days to weeks LASA: fluticasone furoate nasal	room temperature
20	amlodipine/benazepril	Lotrel	calcium channel blocker / ACE inhibitor combination	hypertension	contraindicated in pregnancy; monitor for angioedema and cough (ACE inhibitor component)	room temperature
21	azithromycin -thromycin	Zithromax	macrolide antibiotic	community-acquired pneumonia, skin infections, STIs	QT prolongation risk; drug interaction with other QT-prolonging agents; complete full course LASA: azathioprine	room temperature; reconstituted suspension also room temperature (do not refrigerate), discard after 10 days
22	hydrochlorothiazide	Microzide	thiazide diuretic	hypertension, edema	monitor electrolytes (hypokalemia, hyponatremia); sulfonamide allergy; photosensitivity LASA: hydralazine	room temperature
23	alprazolam -zolam	Xanax	benzodiazepine anxiolytic	anxiety disorders, panic disorder	CIV—requires valid Rx; risk of dependence, respiratory depression especially with opioids; do not abruptly stop LASA: lorazepam	room temperature	CIV
24	zolpidem	Ambien	non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic (Z-drug)	insomnia	CIV; lower dose recommended for women and older adults; complex sleep behaviors possible; avoid alcohol LASA: zaleplon	room temperature	CIV
25	atorvastatin/amlodipine	Caduet	statin / calcium channel blocker combination	hypertension with hyperlipidemia	grapefruit juice interaction; report muscle pain; not for use in pregnancy	room temperature
26	metformin/sitagliptin	Janumet	biguanide / DPP-4 inhibitor combination antidiabetic	type 2 diabetes	hold before iodinated contrast; risk of lactic acidosis; pancreatitis warning for sitagliptin component	room temperature
27	clopidogrel -grel	Plavix	P2Y12 platelet aggregation inhibitor	prevention of thrombotic events (ACS, stroke, MI)	bleeding risk; CYP2C19 poor metabolizers have reduced efficacy; do not give with omeprazole if avoidable LASA: Pradaxa (dabigatran) — name confusion risk	room temperature
28	prednisone	Deltasone	systemic corticosteroid	inflammation, autoimmune conditions, allergic reactions	do not abruptly stop after prolonged use (adrenal suppression); take with food; raises blood glucose LASA: prednisolone	room temperature
29	esomeprazole -prazole	Nexium	proton pump inhibitor (PPI)	GERD, erosive esophagitis, H. pylori eradication	swallow capsules whole or open and sprinkle on applesauce; long-term use linked to magnesium and B12 deficiency LASA: omeprazole	room temperature
30	tramadol	Ultram	opioid analgesic (mixed mechanism)	moderate-to-moderately severe pain	CIV; lowers seizure threshold; serotonin syndrome risk with SSRIs/SNRIs; abuse potential LASA: trazodone	room temperature	CIV
31	duloxetine	Cymbalta	serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)	depression, anxiety, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, fibromyalgia	black box warning for suicidality; do not abruptly stop; do not crush or chew capsules LASA: fluoxetine	room temperature
32	lisinopril/hydrochlorothiazide	Zestoretic	ACE inhibitor / thiazide diuretic combination	hypertension	contraindicated in pregnancy; monitor renal function and electrolytes; cough from ACE inhibitor component	room temperature
33	warfarin	Coumadin	vitamin K antagonist anticoagulant	prevention/treatment of thromboembolic events, atrial fibrillation	narrow therapeutic index; many food (vitamin K) and drug interactions; regular INR monitoring required; bleeding risk LASA: Avandia (rosiglitazone) — name confusion	room temperature, protect from light
34	carvedilol -olol	Coreg	non-selective beta blocker / alpha-1 blocker	heart failure, hypertension, post-MI	take with food to slow absorption and reduce orthostatic hypotension; do not abruptly discontinue LASA: carbamazepine	room temperature
35	clonazepam -zepam	Klonopin	benzodiazepine	seizure disorders, panic disorder	CIV; dependence and withdrawal risk; CNS depression; avoid abrupt discontinuation LASA: clonidine	room temperature	CIV
36	rosuvastatin -statin	Crestor	HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin)	hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular risk reduction	Asian patients may need lower starting doses; report muscle pain; avoid in pregnancy LASA: atorvastatin	room temperature
37	cyclobenzaprine	Flexeril	skeletal muscle relaxant	acute musculoskeletal pain/spasm (short-term)	causes significant sedation and anticholinergic effects; avoid in elderly; avoid with MAOIs LASA: cyproheptadine	room temperature
38	amoxicillin/clavulanate	Augmentin	aminopenicillin / beta-lactamase inhibitor antibiotic	bacterial infections (sinusitis, otitis media, skin, pneumonia)	check penicillin allergy; refrigerate reconstituted suspension; take with food to reduce GI upset LASA: amoxicillin	room temperature (tablets); refrigerate reconstituted suspension
39	sitagliptin -gliptin	Januvia	DPP-4 inhibitor antidiabetic	type 2 diabetes	pancreatitis warning; dose adjustment required in renal impairment; watch for joint pain (arthralgia) LASA: saxagliptin	room temperature
40	tamsulosin -osin	Flomax	alpha-1 adrenergic blocker (uroselective)	benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)	orthostatic hypotension, especially with first dose; swallow capsules whole; avoid with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors LASA: tamoxifen	room temperature
41	fluoxetine	Prozac	selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)	depression, OCD, panic disorder, bulimia, PMDD	long half-life (active metabolite); black box warning for suicidality; serotonin syndrome risk; many drug interactions LASA: fluvoxamine	room temperature
42	alendronate -dronate	Fosamax	bisphosphonate	osteoporosis, Paget's disease	take with full glass of water on empty stomach; remain upright 30 min after dose to prevent esophageal irritation LASA: risedronate	room temperature
43	valsartan -sartan	Diovan	angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB)	hypertension, heart failure, post-MI	contraindicated in pregnancy; monitor potassium and renal function LASA: losartan	room temperature
44	citalopram	Celexa	selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)	depression	dose-dependent QT prolongation limits maximum daily dose; black box warning for suicidality LASA: escitalopram	room temperature
45	escitalopram	Lexapro	selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)	depression, generalized anxiety disorder	black box warning for suicidality; do not abruptly stop; serotonin syndrome risk LASA: citalopram	room temperature
46	oxycodone	OxyContin	opioid analgesic	moderate-to-severe pain	CII; abuse-deterrent formulations must not be crushed/chewed; high risk of respiratory depression and dependence LASA: oxycodone/acetaminophen	room temperature	CII
47	glipizide	Glucotrol	sulfonylurea antidiabetic	type 2 diabetes	hypoglycemia risk, especially if meal is missed; take 30 min before meal (IR); sulfonamide allergy cross-reactivity possible LASA: glyburide	room temperature
48	pravastatin -statin	Pravachol	HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin)	hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular risk reduction	fewer drug interactions than other statins (not metabolized by CYP3A4); report muscle pain LASA: atorvastatin	room temperature
49	doxycycline -cycline	Vibramycin	tetracycline antibiotic	bacterial infections, acne, malaria prophylaxis, Lyme disease	photosensitivity—use sunscreen; avoid dairy and antacids within 2 hours; do not use in children under 8 or in pregnancy LASA: digoxin (name confusion in some settings)	room temperature, protect from light
50	celecoxib -coxib	Celebrex	selective COX-2 inhibitor (NSAID)	osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, acute pain, ankylosing spondylitis	cardiovascular and GI risk (black box warning); avoid in patients with sulfonamide allergy; use lowest effective dose LASA: Celebrex vs. Celexa (citalopram) — well-known ISMP pair	room temperature
51	bupropion	Wellbutrin	aminoketone antidepressant / smoking cessation aid	depression, smoking cessation	lowers seizure threshold; contraindicated in eating disorders and abrupt alcohol/benzodiazepine withdrawal LASA: buspirone	room temperature
52	meloxicam -oxicam	Mobic	NSAID (preferential COX-2 inhibitor)	osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis	cardiovascular and GI bleeding risk; avoid in late pregnancy	room temperature
53	trazodone		serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor (SARI)	depression, insomnia	priapism risk; advise patient to seek immediate care if prolonged erection occurs LASA: tramadol	room temperature
54	atenolol -olol	Tenormin	cardioselective beta-1 blocker	hypertension, angina	do not stop abruptly; may mask hypoglycemia signs in diabetics LASA: albuterol	room temperature
55	clonidine	Catapres	central alpha-2 agonist / antihypertensive	hypertension, ADHD	do not stop abruptly; rebound hypertension possible LASA: clonazepam	room temperature
56	glimepiride	Amaryl	sulfonylurea / antidiabetic	type 2 diabetes	hypoglycemia risk; advise patient not to skip meals LASA: glipizide	room temperature
57	paroxetine -oxetine	Paxil	selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)	depression; anxiety disorders	Do not stop abruptly; flag MAOI or other serotonergic drugs to the pharmacist LASA: Paxil / Plavix / Taxol	room temperature
58	famotidine	Pepcid	H2 receptor antagonist	GERD, peptic ulcer disease	dose adjustment required in renal impairment LASA: famciclovir	room temperature
59	methylphenidate	Ritalin	CNS stimulant	ADHD, narcolepsy	high abuse potential; verify DEA schedule II prescription requirements LASA: methadone	room temperature	CII
60	amphetamine salts (mixed amphetamine salts)	Adderall	CNS stimulant	ADHD, narcolepsy	schedule II; no refills permitted; monitor for cardiovascular effects	room temperature	CII
61	insulin glargine	Lantus	long-acting insulin analog	type 1 and type 2 diabetes	do not mix with other insulins in the same syringe; refrigerate unopened vials LASA: insulin detemir	refrigerate unopened; opened vial or pen room temperature up to 28 days
62	amlodipine/valsartan	Exforge	calcium channel blocker / ARB combination	hypertension	avoid in pregnancy (ARB component teratogenic)	room temperature
63	spironolactone	Aldactone	potassium-sparing diuretic / aldosterone antagonist	heart failure, hypertension, edema	hyperkalemia risk; avoid high-potassium foods and potassium supplements	room temperature
64	oxycodone/acetaminophen	Percocet	opioid analgesic combination	moderate to severe pain	schedule II; counsel on acetaminophen total daily dose limit (4 g/day); high abuse potential LASA: oxycodone	room temperature	CII
65	diltiazem	Cardizem	calcium channel blocker (non-dihydropyridine)	hypertension, angina, atrial fibrillation	do not crush or chew extended-release forms; multiple formulations with different release rates LASA: Cardene (nicardipine)	room temperature
66	linagliptin -gliptin	Tradjenta	DPP-4 inhibitor / antidiabetic	type 2 diabetes	risk of pancreatitis; advise patient to report persistent abdominal pain	room temperature
67	pregabalin	Lyrica	alpha-2-delta ligand / anticonvulsant	neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, epilepsy	schedule V; dizziness and sedation; do not stop abruptly LASA: gabapentin	room temperature	CV
68	topiramate	Topamax	anticonvulsant	epilepsy, migraine prophylaxis	teratogenic (cleft palate); patients of childbearing age should use effective contraception LASA: Toprol XL (metoprolol succinate)	room temperature
69	lamotrigine	Lamictal	anticonvulsant	epilepsy, bipolar disorder	risk of serious rash (Stevens-Johnson syndrome); dose escalation must be gradual LASA: labetalol	room temperature
70	fluticasone/salmeterol	Advair	inhaled corticosteroid / long-acting beta-2 agonist (ICS/LABA)	asthma, COPD	LABA monotherapy contraindicated in asthma; rinse mouth after inhalation to prevent oral candidiasis	room temperature; store diskus in dry place
71	venlafaxine	Effexor	serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)	depression, anxiety disorders	do not stop abruptly; discontinuation syndrome common; monitor blood pressure (dose-related hypertension) LASA: Effexor vs. Effient confusion reported	room temperature
72	metronidazole	Flagyl	nitroimidazole antibiotic/antiprotozoal	anaerobic infections, C. difficile, Trichomonas	disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol; advise patient to avoid alcohol during and 48 hours after therapy LASA: metformin	room temperature; protect from light
73	allopurinol	Zyloprim	xanthine oxidase inhibitor / antigout agent	gout prophylaxis, hyperuricemia	do not initiate during acute gout attack; serious hypersensitivity reactions possible (especially with HLA-B*5801 allele in Asian patients) LASA: Zyrtec (cetirizine)	room temperature
74	cetirizine	Zyrtec	second-generation antihistamine	allergic rhinitis, urticaria	may cause drowsiness; use caution when driving LASA: Zyprexa (olanzapine)	room temperature
75	loratadine	Claritin	second-generation antihistamine	allergic rhinitis, urticaria	generally non-sedating; adjust dose in hepatic or renal impairment LASA: lorazepam	room temperature
76	fexofenadine	Allegra	second-generation antihistamine	allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria	avoid taking with fruit juices (grapefruit, orange, apple) — reduces absorption significantly	room temperature
77	ondansetron -setron	Zofran	5-HT3 antagonist / antiemetic	nausea and vomiting	QT prolongation risk; avoid in patients with congenital long QT syndrome LASA: Zosyn (piperacillin/tazobactam)	room temperature
78	thyroid (desiccated)	Armour Thyroid	thyroid hormone (natural T4/T3)	hypothyroidism	Not interchangeable with levothyroxine dose-for-dose; flag any switch to the pharmacist	room temperature
79	lisdexamfetamine	Vyvanse	CNS stimulant (prodrug of dextroamphetamine)	ADHD; binge-eating disorder	schedule II; no refills permitted; monitor heart rate and blood pressure	room temperature	CII
80	triamcinolone acetonide (nasal)	Nasacort	intranasal corticosteroid	allergic rhinitis	prime pump before first use; shake well; may take 1–2 weeks for full effect	room temperature
81	mometasone furoate (nasal)	Nasonex	intranasal corticosteroid	allergic rhinitis, nasal polyps	prime and shake before use; onset may take several days	room temperature
82	budesonide (nasal)	Rhinocort	intranasal corticosteroid	allergic rhinitis	available OTC; remind patients to prime before first use	room temperature
83	tiotropium -tropium	Spiriva	long-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator (LAMA)	COPD maintenance	for inhalation only; do not swallow capsule; capsules must stay in blister pack until use	room temperature; protect from moisture
84	ipratropium -tropium	Atrovent	short-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator	COPD, bronchospasm	avoid spraying in eyes; use caution in narrow-angle glaucoma LASA: Alupent (metaproterenol)	room temperature
85	fluticasone (inhaled)	Flovent	inhaled corticosteroid	asthma maintenance	rinse mouth and gargle after each use to prevent oral candidiasis; not for acute bronchospasm	room temperature
86	budesonide/formoterol	Symbicort	inhaled corticosteroid / LABA combination	asthma, COPD	rinse mouth after use; not for acute relief; LABA use requires ICS in asthma	room temperature
87	dulaglutide -tide	Trulicity	GLP-1 receptor agonist / antidiabetic	type 2 diabetes	Weekly injection; GI effects; flag history of pancreatitis or thyroid C-cell tumors to the pharmacist	refrigerate; may be kept at room temperature up to 14 days
88	fenofibrate -fibrate	TriCor	fibric acid derivative / antilipemic	hypertriglyceridemia, mixed dyslipidemia	myopathy risk increased when combined with statins; monitor renal function	room temperature
89	ezetimibe	Zetia	cholesterol absorption inhibitor	hypercholesterolemia	often used with a statin; monitor LFTs if combined with statin LASA: Zestril (lisinopril)	room temperature
90	tirzepatide -tide	Mounjaro	GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist / antidiabetic	type 2 diabetes	Weekly injection; GI effects; flag history of pancreatitis or thyroid C-cell tumors to the pharmacist	refrigerate; may be kept at room temperature up to 21 days
91	empagliflozin -gliflozin	Jardiance	SGLT2 inhibitor / antidiabetic	type 2 diabetes, heart failure, CKD	increased risk of urinary tract and genital yeast infections; counsel on genital hygiene	room temperature
92	canagliflozin -gliflozin	Invokana	SGLT2 inhibitor / antidiabetic	type 2 diabetes, diabetic nephropathy	risk of lower-limb amputation and fractures; advise patient to inspect feet regularly	room temperature
93	dapagliflozin -gliflozin	Farxiga	SGLT2 inhibitor / antidiabetic	type 2 diabetes, heart failure, CKD	hold before surgery; risk of diabetic ketoacidosis even with near-normal glucose	room temperature
94	liraglutide -glutide	Victoza	GLP-1 receptor agonist / antidiabetic	type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular risk reduction	refrigerate until first use; after first use store at room temperature up to 30 days; risk of pancreatitis LASA: semaglutide	refrigerate until opened; then room temperature up to 30 days
95	semaglutide -glutide	Ozempic	GLP-1 receptor agonist / antidiabetic	type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular risk reduction, weight management	refrigerate until first use; after opening use within 56 days; risk of thyroid C-cell tumors (black box warning) LASA: liraglutide	refrigerate until first use; after first use room temperature up to 56 days
96	methotrexate	Trexall	antimetabolite / DMARD	rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, cancer	high-alert medication; weekly dosing for arthritis/psoriasis (daily dosing is a common fatal error); folic acid supplementation required LASA: methohexital	room temperature; protect from light
97	hydroxychloroquine	Plaquenil	antimalarial / DMARD	rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, malaria	annual ophthalmologic exam required (retinal toxicity); take with food or milk LASA: hydrocortisone	room temperature; protect from light
98	nitrofurantoin	Macrobid	nitrofuran antibiotic	uncomplicated urinary tract infection	take with food to reduce GI upset; avoid in patients with CrCl < 30 mL/min (ineffective and may accumulate)	room temperature; protect from light
99	sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim	Bactrim	sulfonamide / antibiotic combination	UTI, skin infections, Pneumocystis pneumonia prophylaxis	adequate hydration required; can cause severe hypersensitivity (Stevens-Johnson syndrome); monitor potassium (hyperkalemia risk)	room temperature
100	amlodipine/olmesartan -sartan	Azor	calcium channel blocker / angiotensin II receptor blocker combination	hypertension	verify correct combination product; olmesartan associated with sprue-like enteropathy with long-term use LASA: Zocor	room temperature
101	olmesartan -sartan	Benicar	angiotensin II receptor blocker	hypertension	may cause sprue-like enteropathy; counsel patients to report severe chronic diarrhea LASA: Mevacor	room temperature
102	naproxen	Naprosyn	NSAID	pain, inflammation, arthritis	GI bleeding and kidney risk; flag anticoagulants, other NSAIDs and pregnancy to the pharmacist	room temperature
103	quetiapine -apine	Seroquel	atypical antipsychotic	schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, adjunct for depression	black box warning: increased mortality in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis LASA: Sinequan	room temperature
104	aripiprazole -piprazole	Abilify	atypical antipsychotic	schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, adjunct for major depressive disorder	black box warning: increased mortality in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis; monitor for impulse-control problems LASA: probenecid	room temperature
105	risperidone -idone	Risperdal	atypical antipsychotic	schizophrenia, bipolar mania, irritability associated with autism	black box warning: increased mortality in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis; monitor for extrapyramidal symptoms LASA: ropinirole	room temperature; oral solution protect from light
106	olanzapine -apine	Zyprexa	atypical antipsychotic	schizophrenia, bipolar disorder	black box warning: increased mortality in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis; significant weight gain and metabolic changes LASA: Zyrtec	room temperature
107	clobetasol propionate	Temovate	topical corticosteroid (super-high potency)	inflammatory skin conditions, psoriasis	super-high potency; limit use to 2 weeks on face or intertriginous areas; adrenal suppression possible with overuse LASA: clotrimazole	room temperature
108	amitriptyline -triptyline	Elavil	tricyclic antidepressant	depression, neuropathic pain, migraine prevention	anticholinergic effects; cardiotoxic in overdose; black box warning for suicidality in pediatric patients LASA: amoxapine	room temperature
109	lorazepam -azepam	Ativan	benzodiazepine	anxiety, seizures, preoperative sedation	DEA Schedule IV; risk of dependence, abuse, and respiratory depression; avoid abrupt discontinuation LASA: alprazolam	room temperature; injectable form refrigerate	CIV
110	diazepam -azepam	Valium	benzodiazepine	anxiety, muscle spasms, alcohol withdrawal, seizures	DEA Schedule IV; risk of dependence and respiratory depression; long half-life increases accumulation risk in elderly LASA: Ditropan	room temperature; protect from light	CIV
111	morphine sulfate	MS Contin	opioid analgesic	moderate-to-severe pain	DEA Schedule II; high risk for misuse, addiction, respiratory depression; extended-release tablets must not be crushed LASA: hydromorphone	room temperature	CII
112	fentanyl transdermal -anyl	Duragesic	opioid analgesic	chronic severe pain requiring around-the-clock opioid	DEA Schedule II; patches contain large reservoir of drug; fatal if chewed, swallowed, or applied to cut skin; used patches still contain active drug LASA: fentanyl buccal film (separate product; do not interchange)	room temperature; used patches must be disposed of properly by folding adhesive side together	CII
113	methylprednisolone	Medrol	corticosteroid	inflammatory and allergic conditions	taper dose with prolonged use; adrenal suppression; Medrol Dosepak—counsel patient on the decreasing-dose regimen card LASA: medroxyprogesterone	room temperature
114	triamterene/hydrochlorothiazide	Dyazide	potassium-sparing diuretic / thiazide diuretic combination	hypertension, edema	monitor potassium—triamterene component spares potassium while HCTZ wastes it; risk of hyperkalemia if combined with other K-sparing agents or ACE inhibitors LASA: triamcinolone	room temperature; protect from light
115	amlodipine/valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide -sartan	Exforge HCT	calcium channel blocker / angiotensin II receptor blocker / thiazide diuretic combination	hypertension (add-on therapy)	verify all three components; contraindicated with aliskiren in diabetic patients; monitor electrolytes and renal function LASA: Exforge (two-drug combination)	room temperature
116	potassium chloride	Klor-Con	electrolyte supplement	hypokalemia prevention and treatment	extended-release tablets must not be crushed; GI irritation common—take with food and full glass of water; IV form is a high-alert medication LASA: potassium phosphate	room temperature
117	insulin aspart	NovoLog	rapid-acting insulin analog	diabetes mellitus (mealtime glucose control)	high-alert medication; administer within 5–10 minutes before a meal; refrigerate unopened vials/pens; discard open vials per manufacturer guidelines LASA: insulin lispro	refrigerate unopened; opened vials/pens room temperature up to 28 days
118	insulin lispro	Humalog	rapid-acting insulin analog	diabetes mellitus (mealtime glucose control)	high-alert medication; administer within 15 minutes before or immediately after a meal; refrigerate unopened; LASA risk with other insulins LASA: insulin aspart	refrigerate unopened; opened vials/pens room temperature up to 28 days
119	insulin NPH	Humulin N	intermediate-acting insulin	diabetes mellitus	high-alert medication; cloudy suspension—gently roll/invert to mix, do not shake; LASA risk with other insulin formulations LASA: Humulin R (regular insulin)	refrigerate unopened; opened vials room temperature up to 28–31 days per manufacturer
120	insulin regular	Humulin R	short-acting insulin	diabetes mellitus, hyperkalemia (IV)	high-alert medication; only insulin formulation routinely used IV—verify concentration carefully; U-500 concentration available and must not be confused with U-100 LASA: insulin NPH (Humulin N)	refrigerate unopened; opened vials room temperature up to 28–31 days per manufacturer
121	pioglitazone -glitazone	Actos	thiazolidinedione	type 2 diabetes mellitus	black box warning: may cause or exacerbate heart failure; associated with increased risk of bladder cancer with prolonged use LASA: Actonel	room temperature; protect from moisture and light
122	metoclopramide	Reglan	dopamine antagonist / prokinetic	gastroparesis, GERD, nausea/vomiting	black box warning: irreversible tardive dyskinesia with long-term use; limit treatment to 12 weeks LASA: metolazone	room temperature
123	olopatadine nasal -adine	Patanase	antihistamine (nasal)	allergic rhinitis	prime pump before first use and after periods of non-use; avoid spraying into eyes LASA: olopatadine ophthalmic (Pataday)	room temperature
124	azelastine nasal -astine	Astelin	antihistamine (nasal)	allergic rhinitis, vasomotor rhinitis	may cause somnolence; instruct patient on proper nasal administration technique; prime pump LASA: Astepro (azelastine different concentration)	room temperature; upright position
125	propranolol -olol	Inderal	beta-adrenergic blocker (non-selective)	hypertension, angina, migraine prevention, essential tremor, arrhythmias	do not abruptly discontinue—risk of rebound hypertension and angina; use with caution in asthma/COPD due to bronchospasm LASA: Pindolol	room temperature
126	nebivolol -olol	Bystolic	beta-adrenergic blocker (selective beta-1)	hypertension	do not abruptly discontinue; use with caution in patients with severe hepatic impairment LASA: metoprolol	room temperature
127	bisoprolol -olol	Zebeta	beta-adrenergic blocker (selective beta-1)	hypertension, heart failure	do not abruptly discontinue; cardioselective at low doses but selectivity decreases at higher doses LASA: metoprolol	room temperature
128	amlodipine/telmisartan -sartan	Twynsta	calcium channel blocker / angiotensin II receptor blocker combination	hypertension	contraindicated in pregnancy; monitor renal function and electrolytes LASA: Micardis (telmisartan alone)	room temperature; protect from moisture
129	telmisartan -sartan	Micardis	angiotensin II receptor blocker	hypertension, cardiovascular risk reduction	contraindicated in pregnancy; avoid concomitant use with ACE inhibitors in patients with diabetes or renal impairment LASA: olmesartan	room temperature; store in original blister packaging
130	irbesartan -sartan	Avapro	angiotensin II receptor blocker	hypertension, diabetic nephropathy	contraindicated in pregnancy; monitor renal function and potassium LASA: valsartan	room temperature
131	nifedipine -dipine	Procardia XL	dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker	hypertension, angina	extended-release tablet shell may appear in stool—counsel patient this is normal and does not mean the medication is not working LASA: nicardipine	room temperature; protect from light and moisture
132	isosorbide mononitrate	Imdur	nitrate	angina prophylaxis	requires nitrate-free interval (10–14 hours) to prevent tolerance; do not crush extended-release tablets; can cause severe hypotension with PDE-5 inhibitors LASA: isosorbide dinitrate	room temperature; protect from moisture
133	nitroglycerin sublingual	Nitrostat	nitrate	acute angina	store in original glass bottle away from heat and light; replace 6 months after opening bottle; counsel patient on proper sublingual administration and when to call 911 LASA: nitrofurantoin	room temperature; original glass amber bottle; protect from heat and light
134	digoxin	Lanoxin	cardiac glycoside	heart failure, atrial fibrillation	narrow therapeutic index; toxicity signs include nausea, visual changes (yellow-green halos), and bradycardia; monitor serum levels and renal function LASA: Desoxyn	room temperature; protect from light
135	amiodarone	Cordarone	antiarrhythmic (class III)	ventricular arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation	numerous serious adverse effects including pulmonary toxicity, thyroid dysfunction, and hepatotoxicity; multiple significant drug interactions; extremely long half-life LASA: amrinone (inamrinone)	room temperature; protect from light
136	apixaban -xaban	Eliquis	direct oral anticoagulant (factor Xa inhibitor)	stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation, DVT/PE treatment and prevention	no routine antidote widely available (andexanet alfa exists but limited availability); counsel patient never to stop without physician guidance; interacts with strong CYP3A4/P-gp inhibitors LASA: Arixtra (fondaparinux)	room temperature
137	rivaroxaban -xaban	Xarelto	direct oral anticoagulant (factor Xa inhibitor)	stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation, DVT/PE treatment and prevention	take with evening meal for AFib indication; no routine monitoring but interacts with CYP3A4/P-gp inhibitors and inducers; no reversal agent universally available LASA: Pradaxa (dabigatran)	room temperature
138	dabigatran -gatran	Pradaxa	direct oral anticoagulant (direct thrombin inhibitor)	stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation, DVT/PE treatment and prevention	store capsules in original bottle—moisture-sensitive; discard 4 months after opening bottle; reversal agent idarucizumab (Praxbind) available; avoid crushing LASA: rivaroxaban	room temperature; original bottle; discard 4 months after opening
139	ibuprofen -profen	Motrin	NSAID	pain, fever, inflammation	GI bleeding and kidney risk; flag anticoagulants and other NSAIDs to the pharmacist	room temperature
140	simvastatin/ezetimibe -statin	Vytorin	HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor / cholesterol absorption inhibitor combination	hyperlipidemia	simvastatin 80 mg dose restricted due to myopathy risk; avoid grapefruit juice; multiple drug interactions with simvastatin component LASA: Liptruzet	room temperature
141	colchicine	Colcrys	antigout agent	acute gout flares, gout prophylaxis, familial Mediterranean fever	narrow therapeutic index; toxicity (GI, myopathy) possible; significant interactions with CYP3A4/P-gp inhibitors (e.g., clarithromycin) LASA: Cortef (hydrocortisone)	room temperature; protect from light
142	febuxostat	Uloric	xanthine oxidase inhibitor	chronic gout (hyperuricemia)	black box warning: cardiovascular death risk; use only in patients unresponsive to or intolerant of allopurinol; do not use during acute gout flare LASA: allopurinol	room temperature; protect from light
143	fluconazole -conazole	Diflucan	triazole antifungal	candidiasis, cryptococcal meningitis, tinea infections	significant drug interactions via CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 inhibition; single-dose 150 mg for vaginal candidiasis—counsel patient LASA: Flagyl (metronidazole)	room temperature; oral suspension refrigerate or room temperature up to 2 weeks
144	levofloxacin -floxacin	Levaquin	fluoroquinolone antibiotic	respiratory, urinary tract, and skin infections	black box warning: tendinitis/tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, CNS effects, and aortic aneurysm; avoid in patients with history of tendon problems; take with full glass of water LASA: levothyroxine	room temperature
145	ciprofloxacin -floxacin	Cipro	fluoroquinolone antibiotic	broad-spectrum bacterial infections including UTI, respiratory, skin	black box warning: tendinitis/tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, CNS effects; separate from antacids, calcium, iron, and zinc by 2 hours; interacts with theophylline and warfarin LASA: cephalexin	room temperature; reconstituted suspension refrigerated or at room temperature, discard after 14 days
146	cephalexin cef-	Keflex	first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic	skin, soft tissue, respiratory, and urinary tract infections	use with caution in penicillin-allergic patients (cross-reactivity rare but possible); take with or without food LASA: cefadroxil	room temperature; oral suspension refrigerate; discard after 14 days
147	clindamycin	Cleocin	lincosamide antibiotic	skin, soft tissue, bone infections; bacterial vaginosis; dental prophylaxis	risk of Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea; counsel patients to report severe diarrhea; topical forms available for acne and BV LASA: clarithromycin	room temperature; reconstituted oral solution at room temperature (do not refrigerate — it thickens), discard after 14 days
148	mupirocin	Bactroban	topical antibiotic	impetigo, nasal decolonization of MRSA	for external use only; nasal and topical formulations are different products and not interchangeable; not for ophthalmic use LASA: bacitracin	room temperature
149	benzonatate	Tessalon	non-opioid antitussive	symptomatic relief of cough	capsules must be swallowed whole—do not chew or crush; numbing of oropharynx can cause choking and aspiration; keep out of reach of children LASA: benztropine	room temperature
150	promethazine	Phenergan	phenothiazine antihistamine / antiemetic	nausea/vomiting, motion sickness, allergic conditions, sedation	black box warning: respiratory depression in children under 2 years—contraindicated; IV injection associated with severe tissue injury; prefer oral or rectal route in outpatient setting LASA: chlorpromazine	room temperature; protect from light
151	hydralazine	Apresoline	direct-acting vasodilator	hypertension, heart failure	monitor for lupus-like syndrome with prolonged use; flag to pharmacist LASA: hydroxyzine	room temperature
152	hydroxyzine	Vistaril	antihistamine / anxiolytic	anxiety, pruritus, nausea	causes sedation; counsel patient not to drive LASA: hydralazine	room temperature
153	buspirone	Buspar	anxiolytic (azapirone)	generalized anxiety disorder	not effective for acute anxiety; takes weeks for full effect LASA: bupropion	room temperature
154	mirtazapine	Remeron	antidepressant (NaSSA)	depression	causes significant sedation and weight gain; counsel patient LASA: metronidazole	room temperature
155	nortriptyline	Pamelor	tricyclic antidepressant	depression, neuropathic pain	anticholinergic effects; risk of QT prolongation; avoid abrupt discontinuation LASA: amitriptyline	room temperature
156	doxazosin -zosin	Cardura	alpha-1 blocker	hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplasia	first-dose orthostatic hypotension; advise patient to rise slowly LASA: doxepin	room temperature
157	terazosin -zosin	Hytrin	alpha-1 blocker	hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplasia	first-dose orthostatic hypotension; take first dose at bedtime LASA: temazepam	room temperature
158	finasteride -asteride	Proscar	5-alpha reductase inhibitor	benign prostatic hyperplasia, male pattern baldness	women who are or may be pregnant must not handle crushed tablets; teratogenic LASA: furosemide	room temperature
159	dutasteride -asteride	Avodart	5-alpha reductase inhibitor	benign prostatic hyperplasia	pregnancy exposure risk; do not donate blood for 6 months after use LASA: finasteride	room temperature
160	sildenafil -afil	Viagra	PDE-5 inhibitor	erectile dysfunction, pulmonary arterial hypertension	absolutely contraindicated with nitrates; can cause severe hypotension LASA: silodosin	room temperature
161	tadalafil -afil	Cialis	PDE-5 inhibitor	erectile dysfunction, benign prostatic hyperplasia, pulmonary arterial hypertension	contraindicated with nitrates; counsel on 36-hour duration of action LASA: sildenafil	room temperature
162	testosterone (topical/transdermal)	AndroGel	androgen	hypogonadism (males)	secondary exposure risk to women and children via skin contact; wash hands after application	room temperature; flammable gel	CIII
163	levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol	Seasonique	combination oral contraceptive	contraception	increased risk of VTE; contraindicated in smokers over 35 years old	room temperature
164	norethindrone	Camila	progestin-only oral contraceptive	contraception	must be taken at the same time each day; no estrogen-related VTE concern	room temperature
165	medroxyprogesterone acetate	Depo-Provera	progestin	contraception, abnormal uterine bleeding, endometriosis	prolonged use associated with bone density loss; counsel on return of fertility delay LASA: methylprednisolone	room temperature (injectable); refrigerate if specified on label
166	estradiol (oral/transdermal)	Estrace	estrogen	menopausal symptoms, hormone replacement therapy	increased risk of VTE, stroke, and breast cancer with prolonged use; counsel patient	room temperature
167	conjugated estrogens	Premarin	estrogen	menopausal symptoms, hormone replacement therapy, osteoporosis prevention	Black Box Warning for cardiovascular events and malignancy; use lowest effective dose	room temperature
168	calcitonin (salmon)	Miacalcin	bone resorption inhibitor (calcitonin)	osteoporosis (postmenopausal), Paget's disease, hypercalcemia	nasal spray: alternate nostrils daily; injectable: risk of hypersensitivity	unopened: refrigerate; opened nasal spray: room temperature up to 35 days
169	risedronate -dronate	Actonel	bisphosphonate	osteoporosis, Paget's disease	take with full glass of water, remain upright 30 minutes; risk of esophageal irritation LASA: alendronate	room temperature
170	denosumab -mab	Prolia	RANK ligand inhibitor (monoclonal antibody)	osteoporosis, bone loss prevention	refrigerate; do not freeze; given by healthcare professional every 6 months	refrigerate; do not freeze
171	calcium carbonate	Tums	antacid / calcium supplement	heartburn, calcium supplementation, hyperphosphatemia	take with food for best calcium absorption; interacts with many drugs (spacing required) LASA: calcium acetate	room temperature
172	cholecalciferol (vitamin D3)		vitamin / fat-soluble vitamin	vitamin D deficiency, osteoporosis prevention	high doses can cause hypercalcemia; advise patient not to take excessive amounts LASA: ergocalciferol	room temperature; protect from light
173	folic acid		water-soluble vitamin / hematopoietic agent	folate deficiency, prevention of neural tube defects	high doses may mask vitamin B12 deficiency anemia; assess B12 status LASA: folinic acid (leucovorin)	room temperature; protect from light
174	cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12)		water-soluble vitamin	vitamin B12 deficiency, pernicious anemia	intranasal or injectable route required if GI absorption is impaired (pernicious anemia)	room temperature; protect from light
175	ferrous sulfate	Feosol	iron supplement	iron deficiency anemia	stools will appear dark or black; take on empty stomach if tolerated; keep away from children (iron poisoning risk) LASA: ferrous gluconate	room temperature
176	polyethylene glycol 3350	MiraLax	osmotic laxative	constipation	do not use more than 7 days without physician guidance; ensure adequate fluid intake	room temperature
177	lactulose	Enulose	osmotic laxative / ammonia detoxicant	constipation, hepatic encephalopathy	may cause flatulence and cramping; dose titrated to produce 2-3 soft stools per day for encephalopathy	room temperature; do not freeze
178	docusate sodium	Colace	stool softener	constipation prevention	does not stimulate bowel movement; adequate fluid intake enhances effect LASA: docusate calcium	room temperature
179	senna	Senokot	stimulant laxative	constipation, opioid-induced constipation	may cause abdominal cramping; prolonged use not recommended without medical supervision	room temperature
180	loperamide	Imodium	antidiarrheal (opioid receptor agonist - peripheral)	diarrhea	do not use in infectious diarrhea with fever or blood in stool; high doses associated with cardiac arrhythmia	room temperature
181	dicyclomine	Bentyl	anticholinergic / antispasmodic	irritable bowel syndrome	anticholinergic side effects (dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation); avoid in elderly LASA: doxycycline	room temperature
182	sulfasalazine	Azulfidine	aminosalicylate / DMARD	ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis	sulfa allergy contraindication; monitor CBC and LFTs; take with food and plenty of water	room temperature
183	mesalamine	Asacol HD	aminosalicylate	ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease	do not crush or chew delayed-release tablets; renal monitoring recommended	room temperature
184	lansoprazole -prazole	Prevacid	proton pump inhibitor	GERD, peptic ulcer disease, H. pylori eradication	take 30-60 minutes before a meal for best effect; long-term use may decrease magnesium and B12 LASA: dexlansoprazole	room temperature
185	dexlansoprazole -prazole	Dexilant	proton pump inhibitor	GERD, erosive esophagitis	capsule may be opened and sprinkled on food; do not crush granules LASA: lansoprazole	room temperature
186	sucralfate	Carafate	mucosal protectant	duodenal ulcer, stress ulcer prophylaxis	take on empty stomach 1 hour before meals; separates many drugs (give other meds 2 hours apart)	room temperature
187	acyclovir -vir	Zovirax	antiviral (nucleoside analog)	herpes simplex, herpes zoster (shingles), varicella	adequate hydration required; adjust dose in renal impairment LASA: valacyclovir	room temperature
188	valacyclovir -vir	Valtrex	antiviral (prodrug of acyclovir)	herpes simplex, herpes zoster, genital herpes suppression	ensure adequate fluid intake; dose adjustment needed for renal impairment LASA: acyclovir	room temperature
189	oseltamivir -vir	Tamiflu	antiviral (neuraminidase inhibitor)	influenza treatment and prophylaxis	most effective when started within 48 hours of symptom onset; oral suspension requires refrigeration	capsules: room temperature; reconstituted suspension: refrigerate
190	latanoprost ophthalmic -prost	Xalatan	prostaglandin analog (ophthalmic)	glaucoma; ocular hypertension	Can darken iris color; remove contact lenses before use	refrigerate unopened bottles; after opening room temperature up to 6 weeks
191	nystatin	Mycostatin	polyene antifungal	oral and mucocutaneous candidiasis	swish and swallow for oral thrush; not absorbed systemically when given orally	room temperature; refrigerate suspension if specified
192	baclofen	Lioresal	skeletal muscle relaxant (GABA-B agonist)	spasticity (multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury)	do not abruptly discontinue (risk of seizures, hallucinations); causes CNS depression	room temperature
193	tizanidine	Zanaflex	central alpha-2 agonist / muscle relaxant	muscle spasticity	significant first-pass variability; tablets and capsules are NOT interchangeable dose-for-dose on empty vs. full stomach LASA: tiZANidine vs. tiagaBINE (ISMP)	room temperature
194	carbamazepine	Tegretol	anticonvulsant / mood stabilizer	epilepsy, trigeminal neuralgia, bipolar disorder	many drug interactions (potent CYP inducer); autoinduction of its own metabolism; monitor CBC LASA: oxcarbazepine	room temperature; store away from humidity
195	oxcarbazepine	Trileptal	anticonvulsant	epilepsy (partial seizures)	monitor sodium levels (risk of hyponatremia); cross-hypersensitivity with carbamazepine possible LASA: carbamazepine	room temperature
196	levetiracetam -acetam	Keppra	anticonvulsant	epilepsy (various seizure types)	behavioral/psychiatric side effects (irritability, aggression); dose adjust in renal impairment LASA: levofloxacin	room temperature
197	lithium carbonate	Lithobid	mood stabilizer	bipolar disorder	narrow therapeutic index; toxicity risk with dehydration, NSAIDs, or diuretics; regular serum level monitoring required	room temperature
198	memantine	Namenda	NMDA receptor antagonist	moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease	dose titration required; use caution in severe renal impairment	room temperature
199	donepezil	Aricept	acetylcholinesterase inhibitor	Alzheimer's disease (all stages)	take at bedtime to reduce GI side effects; may cause vivid dreams or insomnia if taken in morning	room temperature
200	sumatriptan -triptan	Imitrex	triptan (selective serotonin 5-HT1B/1D agonist)	acute migraine, cluster headache	contraindicated in ischemic heart disease, uncontrolled hypertension, or within 24 hours of ergotamine; not for migraine prevention LASA: zolmitriptan	room temperature; protect from light